Improvement in brick-kilns



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- ln'errovement` in- Brick Kilns.

Patented Jau'. 1872.

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Improvement in Brik Klns.

Patented Jan. 9, 1372.

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4 5 Sh'ets--Sheet T- LIN D S LE YY; Impryment Brivck Kilnsv.

No'. 121.2",528; Pt-eme'dla'n. 9, 1872.

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Improvment in Brick Kilns.

KILN.

ELEVATION T. LaNnsLEY'.

, ATENE `THALES LINDSLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-KILNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 122,528, dated January9, 1872.

SPECIFICATION.

Be it known that I, THALES L1NDsLnY,of city, county, and State of NewYork, have invented a new and Improved Brick-Kiln for Burning,Water-Smoking, and Goolin g Bricks, Tiles, Src.; and I declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and complete description of same, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of thesespecifications. i

My invention relates to the relativepositions of the burning-chambers,as regards the drying-chamber and smoke-stack; to the peculiararrangement of the iues, and to certain specific improvements hereinspecified and claimed.

My invention has for its objects: First, to burn bricks on an extensivescale, and to make the operations of the works continuous. i/Ve employ,therefore, eight chambers for burning,

arranged with two chambers 0n each of the sides of a rectangle, whichforms the area inclosed by the chambers, using one commondrying-chamber, which traverses the area, in sheet I showing a plan ofthe structure. B, (l, D, E, F, G, H, and K are the burning-chambers; L,the drying-chamber; and N1 N2 N3 N4, the area inclosed by the sides.

Second, to admit of increasing or diminishing the amount of heat, and atthe same time to economize fuel. This is eifected by furnishing eachchamber with twelve furnaces, which are independent in their action, butcast their products of combustion all into the same chamber. We firemore or less of these furnaces, as a greater or less intensity of heatis required. In Sheet I d d show the ash-pits, and c2 c2 the fire-finesof the furnaces, which will designate the relative positions of thesefurnaces.

c3 are the horizontal iiues which connect the furnace-fines, and bywhich their action may be made concerted, if desired, or renderedindependent by means of dampers in this flue.

Third, confining the vertical hot-air iiues to the ends of the chambers,in order that the sides may contain more furnaces and furnaceflues, andto insure more uniformity in the diffusion of the products of combustionin remote parts ofthe chambers.

Fourth, so arranging the cold-air iues that inpassing between the upperand lower floors of a burning-chamber they become highly heated, and theair, then hot, acts as a hot-blast as it passes through the grates ofthe furnaces. 0f these cold-air iiues there are two independent systemsfor each chamber; one having its openings on the outside of thestructure, and the other having its openings on the area side and in theangles formed at the four corners.

Should one of these systems be inoperative through any cause the othercan be used, or both simultaneously. In D D of Sheet I these cold-airues and openings are represented by z z', c5 c6, Ste., and e e e showhow they traverse the hot space between the -lloors. c4 are the verticalhot-air fines, shown in elevation in the other drawing.

Fifth, making the roofs of each chamber, as

well as that of the drying-chamber, of two longitudinal arches, whichunite along the middle of the chamber at their springing lines, and restalong this line on a wall, which is supported by piers with archessprung between them, shown in cross-section in D l) of Sheet I, at d3and d4, and the wall at z3, and by similar letters is shown in elevationin the other drawing. The object is double. It furnishes a doublereverberatory furnace, reflecting and radiating the heat more uniformlythan would be possible in a large furnace or chamber with a single archor dome. It also leaves aspace above this middle line of the chamber inthe salient formed by the two arches for a large horizontal fine, intowhich openings are made into the chamber, and with which the verticalhot-air dues c4 all connect, by means of transverse horizontal fines.This large iiue, passing through the roofs of the adjacent chambers,discharges heat into the descending iues at the ends of thedryingchambers L L, between the upper and lower lioors, and finallythrough the chimney-dues into the chimney; or may carry the heatdirectly through the similar iiue, which is similarly situated in theroof of the drying-chamber, to the chimney-dues. To facilitate thisconnection with the drying-chamber and chimney a similar horizontal flueis supported on pillars s2 s2 s2, Snc., across the area, at right anglesto the drying-chamber, and which connects at each end with this flue. Ilso connect the system of horizontal flues of each rrrcn.

chamber with those of the others by carrying a line across the archcddoorways, and across each end of the drying-chamber, and around thecorners of the structure upon an open arched Wall, which is curved inform, in order to form a substantial buttress to the sides of theburning-chambers next adjacent, the cycloidal fuel-bins, (of which thelongitudinal vertical section on plane 1,)erpendicular to the front Wallis a cycloid, and in continuation of the curve of the fire-grate bars,)as shown in the drawing in elevation. The sides of these fuel-bins arethe Walls of the hollowr retaining buttresses, which bnttresses areprovided with openings at the bottom, in which to stoW away the utensilsof the fireman. In the drawing, showing the` structure in elevation, gare the fuel-bins; s, the buttress; and Q', the hollows left at thebottom of each.

In the middle division of the triple Walls of which this structure iscomposed, and making a complete circuit of the Whole structure over thefurnaces on the exterior side, as well as on the interior or area side,are two hori- Zonta-l lues,f, shown in the sectional drawing, forconducting the hot-air from the chambers to the drymgchamber, and thenceto the chimney-fines. These have such connections in the chambers thatshould either one become disordered the other would carry all theproducts of combustion, 85o.

The fire-nue dampers t are provided With rods which pass up through abell-cap on top ofthe structure, which sits into grooves filled withsand, which renders it close fitting, and the cap also furnishes supportfor the rod. The grate-bars are hinged on a line With the front of theoutside Wall, so they can be swung down and the lues cleaned readily.The draught may be changed, as represented, by the suitableinterposition ofidampers, &c., in

the usual manner.

A more minute description need not be given, as the positions and actionofthe fines, being fully represented in the drawing, Will be readilyunderstood by any one skilled in the art to which it relates.

This kiln is provided With a system of rail- Ways, visiting each of theburning-chambers and drying-chamber from both front and rear.

That I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A kiln with buttresses, burning-chambers, furnaces, flues, anddrying-chamber, constructed and arranged in the particular inanner andinclosin g a rectangular court, substantially as set forth.

2. The cycloidal fuel-bins g,in combination' with the hollow but-tressess and openings Q', all substantially as represented.

3. The kilnchamber, provided with double arched roofs, and severalfurnaces on each side, fuel-bins g, ash-pits d. with covers,furnace-doors An, tumbler-valve Q1, hinged grate g', connectingues c1,and iiuesf and c4, dampers t', and bell-cap, all arranged substantiallyas set forth.

4. In a burning-chamber, the peculiar arrangement of the floors, incombination with the hot and cold-air iues, as represented.

5. The system of vertical and horizontal hot and cold air iiues,constructed and arranged With respect to each other substantially asshown.

6. Thevertical ues c4 With the viaduct transverse and corner fines,constructed and ar-A

